|
Alaska |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.668*** |
-1.038 |
-0.047 |
-0.282 |
0.064 |
|
|
|
(0.136) |
(1.183) |
(0.870) |
(0.259) |
(0.109) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.385*** |
2.709** |
-1.103 |
0.337 |
0.029 |
|
|
|
(0.127) |
(1.107) |
(0.814) |
(0.242) |
(0.102) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.057 |
0.857*** |
0.117 |
-0.164** |
0.033 |
|
|
|
(0.036) |
(0.309) |
(0.227) |
(0.068) |
(0.029) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.011 |
0.136 |
-0.426* |
0.264*** |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.036) |
(0.312) |
(0.229) |
(0.068) |
(0.029) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.049 |
0.206 |
0.693** |
-0.123 |
0.060* |
|
|
|
(0.043) |
(0.371) |
(0.272) |
(0.081) |
(0.034) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.035 |
0.041 |
-0.203 |
0.222*** |
0.009 |
|
|
|
(0.042) |
(0.365) |
(0.268) |
(0.080) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.159** |
0.305 |
-0.597 |
1.309*** |
0.244*** |
|
|
|
(0.081) |
(0.704) |
(0.517) |
(0.154) |
(0.065) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.037 |
-0.945 |
1.222** |
-0.312** |
-0.196*** |
|
|
|
(0.075) |
(0.656) |
(0.482) |
(0.144) |
(0.061) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.335* |
2.903* |
-2.988** |
-0.284 |
1.250*** |
|
|
|
(0.182) |
(1.586) |
(1.166) |
(0.347) |
(0.147) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.176 |
-2.589* |
2.722*** |
0.199 |
-0.330** |
|
|
|
(0.160) |
(1.391) |
(1.022) |
(0.304) |
(0.129) |
|
|
constant |
0.014 |
-0.031 |
0.104* |
0.038** |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.009) |
(0.078) |
(0.057) |
(0.017) |
(0.007) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alabama |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.642*** |
0.607*** |
-0.520*** |
-0.055 |
-0.024** |
|
|
|
(0.169) |
(0.207) |
(0.134) |
(0.071) |
(0.012) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.285 |
0.344 |
0.009 |
-0.016 |
-0.027** |
|
|
|
(0.187) |
(0.229) |
(0.148) |
(0.079) |
(0.013) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.054 |
0.962*** |
-0.294** |
-0.074 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.157) |
(0.192) |
(0.124) |
(0.066) |
(0.011) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.322* |
0.407* |
-0.050 |
-0.039 |
-0.032** |
|
|
|
(0.172) |
(0.209) |
(0.136) |
(0.072) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.603** |
0.949*** |
0.111 |
-0.026 |
-0.040** |
|
|
|
(0.277) |
(0.338) |
(0.219) |
(0.117) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.093 |
0.110 |
0.045 |
-0.182* |
-0.032* |
|
|
|
(0.260) |
(0.317) |
(0.205) |
(0.110) |
(0.019) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.197 |
0.877** |
-0.429 |
0.997*** |
0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.348) |
(0.425) |
(0.275) |
(0.147) |
(0.025) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.425 |
-0.647 |
0.208 |
-0.065 |
0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.336) |
(0.410) |
(0.266) |
(0.142) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-1.177 |
1.052 |
0.163 |
-0.367 |
1.545*** |
|
|
|
(1.053) |
(1.285) |
(0.833) |
(0.444) |
(0.076) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.399 |
0.428 |
-1.000 |
0.193 |
-0.786*** |
|
|
|
(0.977) |
(1.192) |
(0.772) |
(0.412) |
(0.070) |
|
|
constant |
0.038 |
-0.088** |
0.060** |
0.060*** |
0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.030) |
(0.037) |
(0.024) |
(0.013) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arkansas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.919*** |
0.099 |
-0.091 |
-0.081 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.154) |
(0.171) |
(0.123) |
(0.085) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.176 |
-0.145 |
0.110 |
0.188** |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.141) |
(0.157) |
(0.113) |
(0.078) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.029 |
0.601*** |
-0.033 |
0.231** |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.190) |
(0.211) |
(0.152) |
(0.105) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.024 |
0.045 |
0.120 |
-0.213** |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.194) |
(0.216) |
(0.155) |
(0.107) |
(0.023) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.185 |
-0.599** |
1.004*** |
0.392*** |
0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.257) |
(0.286) |
(0.205) |
(0.142) |
(0.031) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.026 |
0.392 |
0.016 |
-0.394** |
-0.019 |
|
|
|
(0.284) |
(0.316) |
(0.227) |
(0.158) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.206 |
0.003 |
-0.448** |
0.882*** |
0.075*** |
|
|
|
(0.236) |
(0.263) |
(0.189) |
(0.131) |
(0.028) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.035 |
0.041 |
0.401** |
-0.010 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.229) |
(0.255) |
(0.183) |
(0.127) |
(0.027) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.765 |
-0.445 |
-0.853 |
1.530*** |
1.319*** |
|
|
|
(0.981) |
(1.092) |
(0.785) |
(0.544) |
(0.117) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
1.354 |
-0.133 |
1.024 |
-1.219** |
-0.487*** |
|
|
|
(0.971) |
(1.080) |
(0.776) |
(0.538) |
(0.116) |
|
|
constant |
0.014 |
0.012 |
0.024 |
0.057*** |
-0.009*** |
|
|
|
(0.023) |
(0.025) |
(0.018) |
(0.013) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arizona |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.739*** |
-0.098 |
0.103 |
-0.037 |
-0.025 |
|
|
|
(0.151) |
(0.256) |
(0.220) |
(0.072) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.002 |
0.130 |
-0.187 |
0.042 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.137) |
(0.233) |
(0.200) |
(0.065) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.489** |
0.842** |
-0.401 |
-0.026 |
0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.216) |
(0.366) |
(0.315) |
(0.103) |
(0.029) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.219 |
-0.109 |
0.530 |
0.064 |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.242) |
(0.410) |
(0.353) |
(0.115) |
(0.032) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.628*** |
0.659 |
-0.272 |
-0.054 |
0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.237) |
(0.401) |
(0.345) |
(0.113) |
(0.032) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.318 |
0.187 |
0.243 |
0.060 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.253) |
(0.429) |
(0.369) |
(0.120) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.168 |
0.460 |
-0.910** |
1.253*** |
0.110*** |
|
|
|
(0.308) |
(0.523) |
(0.450) |
(0.147) |
(0.041) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.125 |
1.050** |
-0.466 |
-0.480*** |
-0.092** |
|
|
|
(0.310) |
(0.526) |
(0.452) |
(0.148) |
(0.041) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-1.061 |
-4.951*** |
3.913*** |
0.106 |
1.585*** |
|
|
|
(0.975) |
(1.654) |
(1.423) |
(0.464) |
(0.130) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
1.007 |
4.220*** |
-3.374** |
0.035 |
-0.592*** |
|
|
|
(0.922) |
(1.564) |
(1.345) |
(0.439) |
(0.123) |
|
|
constant |
-0.009 |
0.085* |
-0.070* |
0.047*** |
0.007* |
|
|
|
(0.028) |
(0.047) |
(0.041) |
(0.013) |
(0.004) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.815*** |
-0.127 |
0.001 |
-0.095* |
-0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.149) |
(0.086) |
(0.053) |
(0.054) |
(0.009) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.289* |
0.038 |
0.011 |
-0.066 |
0.011 |
|
|
|
(0.168) |
(0.097) |
(0.060) |
(0.061) |
(0.010) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.037 |
0.688*** |
0.160 |
-0.155 |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.357) |
(0.206) |
(0.127) |
(0.130) |
(0.022) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.051 |
0.049 |
-0.131 |
0.020 |
0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.291) |
(0.168) |
(0.103) |
(0.106) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.107 |
0.195 |
0.610*** |
0.263 |
0.028 |
|
|
|
(0.483) |
(0.279) |
(0.172) |
(0.176) |
(0.030) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.168 |
0.309 |
-0.336** |
-0.296** |
0.019 |
|
|
|
(0.406) |
(0.235) |
(0.144) |
(0.148) |
(0.025) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.010 |
-0.298 |
-0.178 |
0.958*** |
0.055* |
|
|
|
(0.496) |
(0.287) |
(0.176) |
(0.181) |
(0.031) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.017 |
0.439 |
-0.106 |
-0.100 |
-0.019 |
|
|
|
(0.539) |
(0.311) |
(0.191) |
(0.196) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.411 |
-0.921 |
0.707 |
0.107 |
1.743*** |
|
|
|
(1.366) |
(0.790) |
(0.485) |
(0.498) |
(0.085) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.409 |
0.738 |
-0.683 |
-0.076 |
-0.751*** |
|
|
|
(1.330) |
(0.769) |
(0.472) |
(0.484) |
(0.083) |
|
|
constant |
-0.038 |
0.046* |
-0.004 |
0.046*** |
-0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.047) |
(0.027) |
(0.017) |
(0.017) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colorado |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.530*** |
-0.711 |
0.354 |
0.041 |
-0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.146) |
(0.511) |
(0.434) |
(0.220) |
(0.087) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.227* |
0.564 |
-0.089 |
-0.260 |
0.084 |
|
|
|
(0.133) |
(0.463) |
(0.394) |
(0.199) |
(0.079) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.170** |
0.910*** |
-0.060 |
-0.135 |
-0.042 |
|
|
|
(0.068) |
(0.236) |
(0.201) |
(0.102) |
(0.040) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.060 |
-0.241 |
0.277 |
0.079 |
0.071* |
|
|
|
(0.066) |
(0.230) |
(0.196) |
(0.099) |
(0.039) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.147* |
0.264 |
0.479* |
-0.204 |
-0.050 |
|
|
|
(0.084) |
(0.293) |
(0.249) |
(0.126) |
(0.050) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.001 |
-0.407 |
0.401* |
0.074 |
0.047 |
|
|
|
(0.076) |
(0.266) |
(0.226) |
(0.114) |
(0.045) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.067 |
0.317 |
-0.441 |
1.034*** |
0.115** |
|
|
|
(0.095) |
(0.332) |
(0.282) |
(0.143) |
(0.057) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.101 |
0.284 |
-0.019 |
-0.536*** |
-0.045 |
|
|
|
(0.094) |
(0.329) |
(0.280) |
(0.142) |
(0.056) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.242 |
-1.256* |
-0.132 |
0.810*** |
1.472*** |
|
|
|
(0.193) |
(0.674) |
(0.573) |
(0.290) |
(0.115) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.016 |
0.282 |
0.765 |
-0.331 |
-0.537*** |
|
|
|
(0.192) |
(0.671) |
(0.571) |
(0.289) |
(0.114) |
|
|
constant |
0.018** |
0.029 |
0.003 |
0.039*** |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.007) |
(0.025) |
(0.021) |
(0.011) |
(0.004) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Connecticut |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.742*** |
-0.191* |
0.018 |
0.056 |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.148) |
(0.098) |
(0.065) |
(0.053) |
(0.004) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.298** |
0.122 |
0.098 |
-0.064 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.143) |
(0.094) |
(0.063) |
(0.051) |
(0.004) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.223 |
0.707*** |
0.013 |
-0.008 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.296) |
(0.195) |
(0.130) |
(0.106) |
(0.007) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.221 |
-0.064 |
0.107 |
-0.194* |
-0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.283) |
(0.187) |
(0.124) |
(0.101) |
(0.007) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.894** |
-0.555** |
0.946*** |
0.169 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.400) |
(0.265) |
(0.176) |
(0.143) |
(0.010) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.523 |
0.377 |
-0.075 |
-0.142 |
-0.025** |
|
|
|
(0.409) |
(0.270) |
(0.180) |
(0.147) |
(0.010) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.540 |
-0.426 |
-0.162 |
0.940*** |
0.039*** |
|
|
|
(0.417) |
(0.276) |
(0.183) |
(0.149) |
(0.010) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.469 |
-0.112 |
0.044 |
-0.382** |
-0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.438) |
(0.289) |
(0.192) |
(0.157) |
(0.011) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-3.048 |
3.405 |
1.313 |
2.815 |
1.176*** |
|
|
|
(4.829) |
(3.190) |
(2.124) |
(1.730) |
(0.121) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-3.095 |
-1.844 |
0.043 |
-1.111 |
-0.371*** |
|
|
|
(3.732) |
(2.465) |
(1.641) |
(1.337) |
(0.093) |
|
|
constant |
0.114 |
-0.069 |
-0.065 |
-0.040 |
0.016*** |
|
|
|
(0.131) |
(0.086) |
(0.058) |
(0.047) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Washington D.C. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.399*** |
0.097 |
-0.246 |
0.099 |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.152) |
(0.318) |
(0.176) |
(0.103) |
(0.032) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.278** |
0.464 |
0.303* |
-0.098 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.136) |
(0.284) |
(0.157) |
(0.092) |
(0.028) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.144* |
0.534*** |
0.175* |
-0.022 |
-0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.087) |
(0.181) |
(0.100) |
(0.059) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.205** |
0.415** |
-0.163 |
0.061 |
0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.097) |
(0.202) |
(0.112) |
(0.066) |
(0.020) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.050 |
-0.393 |
0.985*** |
0.079 |
-0.006 |
|
|
|
(0.153) |
(0.318) |
(0.176) |
(0.103) |
(0.032) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.124 |
0.756** |
-0.443** |
-0.074 |
0.034 |
|
|
|
(0.153) |
(0.320) |
(0.177) |
(0.104) |
(0.032) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.510** |
-0.466 |
-0.190 |
0.994*** |
0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.259) |
(0.540) |
(0.299) |
(0.175) |
(0.054) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.132 |
0.780 |
0.047 |
0.027 |
-0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.268) |
(0.559) |
(0.309) |
(0.182) |
(0.056) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.038 |
-0.115 |
-0.224 |
1.460*** |
1.394*** |
|
|
|
(0.674) |
(1.407) |
(0.778) |
(0.457) |
(0.141) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.288 |
-0.329 |
0.272 |
-1.397*** |
-0.450*** |
|
|
|
(0.658) |
(1.373) |
(0.759) |
(0.446) |
(0.137) |
|
|
constant |
-0.027 |
0.161*** |
-0.032 |
0.035** |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.022) |
(0.046) |
(0.025) |
(0.015) |
(0.005) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deleware |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.885*** |
-0.087 |
-0.036 |
0.072** |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.092) |
(0.057) |
(0.033) |
(0.005) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.044 |
0.010 |
0.005 |
0.020 |
0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.173) |
(0.098) |
(0.060) |
(0.035) |
(0.006) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.054 |
0.293* |
0.153 |
0.016 |
-0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.289) |
(0.164) |
(0.101) |
(0.058) |
(0.010) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.382 |
0.251 |
0.019 |
-0.039 |
0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.270) |
(0.153) |
(0.094) |
(0.054) |
(0.009) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.028 |
-0.141 |
0.628*** |
0.273*** |
-0.027* |
|
|
|
(0.492) |
(0.279) |
(0.171) |
(0.099) |
(0.016) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.245 |
0.099 |
-0.045 |
0.001 |
-0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.529) |
(0.300) |
(0.184) |
(0.106) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.229 |
-0.268 |
0.006 |
0.832*** |
-0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.796) |
(0.452) |
(0.277) |
(0.160) |
(0.027) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.612 |
0.451 |
-0.033 |
-0.090 |
0.048** |
|
|
|
(0.720) |
(0.408) |
(0.251) |
(0.144) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-4.971* |
-2.986* |
0.197 |
1.359** |
1.464*** |
|
|
|
(2.995) |
(1.699) |
(1.043) |
(0.601) |
(0.100) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
4.156 |
2.016 |
-0.126 |
-0.911* |
-0.529*** |
|
|
|
(2.725) |
(1.546) |
(0.949) |
(0.547) |
(0.091) |
|
|
constant |
0.079 |
0.115** |
-0.004 |
0.008 |
0.009*** |
|
|
|
(0.081) |
(0.046) |
(0.028) |
(0.016) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Florida |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.756*** |
-0.038 |
0.024 |
0.008 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.153) |
(0.082) |
(0.066) |
(0.047) |
(0.011) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.082 |
-0.138 |
0.052 |
0.021 |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.164) |
(0.088) |
(0.071) |
(0.050) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.180 |
0.660*** |
0.164 |
0.225* |
0.083*** |
|
|
|
(0.447) |
(0.240) |
(0.194) |
(0.136) |
(0.031) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.063 |
0.148 |
-0.207 |
-0.190 |
-0.038 |
|
|
|
(0.415) |
(0.223) |
(0.180) |
(0.126) |
(0.029) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.433 |
-0.006 |
1.010*** |
0.331** |
0.112*** |
|
|
|
(0.486) |
(0.261) |
(0.211) |
(0.148) |
(0.034) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.402 |
0.325 |
-0.325 |
-0.369** |
-0.074** |
|
|
|
(0.510) |
(0.274) |
(0.221) |
(0.155) |
(0.036) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.046 |
0.251 |
-0.662*** |
1.317*** |
0.138*** |
|
|
|
(0.432) |
(0.232) |
(0.187) |
(0.131) |
(0.030) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.712 |
0.119 |
0.511** |
-0.466*** |
-0.086** |
|
|
|
(0.485) |
(0.261) |
(0.211) |
(0.148) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
2.658 |
-1.315 |
0.286 |
-0.523 |
1.489*** |
|
|
|
(1.861) |
(0.999) |
(0.807) |
(0.566) |
(0.131) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.892 |
1.071 |
-0.316 |
0.622 |
-0.517*** |
|
|
|
(1.697) |
(0.911) |
(0.736) |
(0.517) |
(0.119) |
|
|
constant |
-0.035 |
0.015 |
0.023 |
0.063*** |
0.007* |
|
|
|
(0.052) |
(0.028) |
(0.023) |
(0.016) |
(0.004) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Georgia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.734*** |
-0.344 |
0.059 |
0.030 |
-0.025 |
|
|
|
(0.145) |
(0.300) |
(0.196) |
(0.126) |
(0.024) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.069 |
0.169 |
0.044 |
-0.004 |
0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.141) |
(0.292) |
(0.190) |
(0.122) |
(0.023) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.167* |
0.661*** |
-0.121 |
0.108 |
0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.101) |
(0.210) |
(0.137) |
(0.088) |
(0.016) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.093 |
0.116 |
0.202 |
-0.170** |
-0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.096) |
(0.200) |
(0.130) |
(0.084) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.191 |
-0.334 |
0.901*** |
0.467*** |
0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.134) |
(0.279) |
(0.182) |
(0.117) |
(0.022) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.078 |
0.242 |
0.012 |
-0.352*** |
-0.011 |
|
|
|
(0.141) |
(0.292) |
(0.190) |
(0.122) |
(0.023) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.009 |
0.370 |
-0.592** |
1.147*** |
0.064** |
|
|
|
(0.175) |
(0.362) |
(0.236) |
(0.152) |
(0.028) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.213 |
-0.267 |
0.558** |
-0.232 |
-0.051* |
|
|
|
(0.168) |
(0.349) |
(0.228) |
(0.147) |
(0.027) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.575 |
-2.367 |
-0.110 |
0.723 |
1.285*** |
|
|
|
(0.844) |
(1.751) |
(1.141) |
(0.735) |
(0.138) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.255 |
2.067 |
0.141 |
-0.616 |
-0.299** |
|
|
|
(0.838) |
(1.740) |
(1.134) |
(0.730) |
(0.137) |
|
|
constant |
0.003 |
0.056 |
0.030 |
0.036** |
0.005* |
|
|
|
(0.018) |
(0.038) |
(0.025) |
(0.016) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hawaii |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.670*** |
0.249 |
-0.087 |
-0.128 |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.143) |
(0.442) |
(0.335) |
(0.134) |
(0.030) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.129 |
-0.362 |
0.079 |
0.115 |
0.039 |
|
|
|
(0.133) |
(0.412) |
(0.313) |
(0.125) |
(0.028) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.120* |
0.642*** |
-0.027 |
0.116* |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.073) |
(0.225) |
(0.170) |
(0.068) |
(0.015) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.101 |
-0.100 |
-0.073 |
-0.116* |
0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.069) |
(0.213) |
(0.161) |
(0.065) |
(0.015) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.082 |
-0.081 |
0.788*** |
0.125 |
0.006 |
|
|
|
(0.091) |
(0.280) |
(0.212) |
(0.085) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.075 |
0.141 |
-0.179 |
-0.140* |
0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.083) |
(0.258) |
(0.195) |
(0.078) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.034 |
0.186 |
-0.100 |
1.363*** |
0.006 |
|
|
|
(0.146) |
(0.451) |
(0.342) |
(0.137) |
(0.031) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.209 |
-0.217 |
-0.043 |
-0.460*** |
0.056 |
|
|
|
(0.164) |
(0.507) |
(0.384) |
(0.154) |
(0.035) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.316 |
1.493 |
0.298 |
0.185 |
1.177*** |
|
|
|
(0.606) |
(1.876) |
(1.422) |
(0.571) |
(0.128) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.340 |
-1.929 |
-0.250 |
-0.079 |
-0.260** |
|
|
|
(0.593) |
(1.835) |
(1.391) |
(0.558) |
(0.125) |
|
|
constant |
-0.001 |
-0.051 |
0.096** |
0.034* |
0.007* |
|
|
|
(0.019) |
(0.059) |
(0.045) |
(0.018) |
(0.004) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iowa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.416*** |
0.509 |
-0.855*** |
0.149 |
0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.146) |
(0.445) |
(0.330) |
(0.421) |
(0.042) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.257** |
-0.418 |
0.409 |
-0.091 |
0.057 |
|
|
|
(0.130) |
(0.395) |
(0.293) |
(0.373) |
(0.037) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.088 |
0.283 |
-0.086 |
0.370* |
0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.067) |
(0.204) |
(0.151) |
(0.193) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.002 |
0.191 |
-0.403** |
0.160 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.075) |
(0.230) |
(0.170) |
(0.217) |
(0.022) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.079 |
-0.557** |
0.391** |
0.827*** |
0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.088) |
(0.268) |
(0.199) |
(0.254) |
(0.025) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.061 |
0.551** |
-0.289 |
-0.451* |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.091) |
(0.276) |
(0.205) |
(0.261) |
(0.026) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.035 |
-0.178 |
0.029 |
1.039*** |
0.025 |
|
|
|
(0.070) |
(0.211) |
(0.157) |
(0.200) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.151* |
0.280 |
-0.375** |
0.007 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.083) |
(0.253) |
(0.188) |
(0.239) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.729*** |
1.764 |
1.605 |
-0.893 |
1.564*** |
|
|
|
(0.481) |
(1.464) |
(1.088) |
(1.385) |
(0.137) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.645*** |
-1.916 |
-0.840 |
0.597 |
-0.707*** |
|
|
|
(0.402) |
(1.221) |
(0.907) |
(1.155) |
(0.114) |
|
|
constant |
-0.016*** |
0.007 |
0.001 |
0.029* |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.005) |
(0.016) |
(0.012) |
(0.015) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Idaho |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.639*** |
-0.407*** |
0.340*** |
0.189* |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.137) |
(0.151) |
(0.109) |
(0.107) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.254* |
0.329** |
-0.330*** |
-0.154 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.141) |
(0.156) |
(0.112) |
(0.111) |
(0.020) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.219 |
0.395** |
0.018 |
0.396*** |
0.031 |
|
|
|
(0.156) |
(0.173) |
(0.124) |
(0.123) |
(0.022) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.255* |
0.020 |
-0.001 |
-0.156 |
-0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.135) |
(0.149) |
(0.107) |
(0.106) |
(0.019) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.214 |
0.153 |
0.454*** |
0.213 |
-0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.189) |
(0.210) |
(0.151) |
(0.149) |
(0.027) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.296* |
0.267 |
-0.029 |
-0.439*** |
-0.039 |
|
|
|
(0.179) |
(0.198) |
(0.142) |
(0.141) |
(0.025) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.324* |
0.367* |
-0.111 |
0.958*** |
0.045* |
|
|
|
(0.188) |
(0.208) |
(0.149) |
(0.148) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.109 |
0.434* |
-0.480*** |
-0.225 |
-0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.224) |
(0.248) |
(0.178) |
(0.176) |
(0.032) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.634 |
-1.822** |
1.897*** |
-0.211 |
1.597*** |
|
|
|
(0.714) |
(0.790) |
(0.567) |
(0.561) |
(0.101) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.324 |
0.799 |
-1.583*** |
0.503 |
-0.668*** |
|
|
|
(0.690) |
(0.764) |
(0.548) |
(0.542) |
(0.097) |
|
|
constant |
-0.059*** |
-0.008 |
0.014 |
0.039*** |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.018) |
(0.020) |
(0.015) |
(0.015) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illinois |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.585*** |
-0.799*** |
0.043 |
0.003 |
0.025 |
|
|
|
(0.165) |
(0.229) |
(0.137) |
(0.107) |
(0.015) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.438*** |
0.894*** |
-0.353*** |
-0.169* |
-0.011 |
|
|
|
(0.152) |
(0.211) |
(0.126) |
(0.098) |
(0.014) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.374*** |
0.519*** |
0.007 |
0.027 |
0.017 |
|
|
|
(0.140) |
(0.195) |
(0.116) |
(0.091) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.085 |
0.462*** |
-0.290*** |
-0.208*** |
-0.006 |
|
|
|
(0.116) |
(0.161) |
(0.096) |
(0.075) |
(0.011) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.738*** |
-0.211 |
0.503*** |
0.570*** |
-0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.203) |
(0.282) |
(0.168) |
(0.132) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.654*** |
0.568** |
-0.261 |
-0.343*** |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.197) |
(0.274) |
(0.164) |
(0.128) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.870*** |
0.063 |
-0.337 |
0.735*** |
0.031 |
|
|
|
(0.278) |
(0.387) |
(0.231) |
(0.181) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.139 |
0.016 |
-0.259 |
0.042 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.247) |
(0.343) |
(0.205) |
(0.160) |
(0.023) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.531* |
2.621** |
-1.135* |
0.292 |
1.708*** |
|
|
|
(0.821) |
(1.142) |
(0.682) |
(0.533) |
(0.076) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.923 |
-2.242 |
1.761** |
0.501 |
-0.812*** |
|
|
|
(0.995) |
(1.384) |
(0.826) |
(0.645) |
(0.092) |
|
|
constant |
-0.011 |
-0.028 |
0.034*** |
0.045*** |
0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.016) |
(0.022) |
(0.013) |
(0.010) |
(0.001) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Indiana |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.553*** |
-0.293 |
-0.118 |
-0.088 |
-0.079*** |
|
|
|
(0.137) |
(0.396) |
(0.242) |
(0.272) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.092 |
0.176 |
0.175 |
-0.413 |
0.060*** |
|
|
|
(0.129) |
(0.373) |
(0.228) |
(0.256) |
(0.022) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.015 |
0.727*** |
-0.166 |
0.017 |
0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.075) |
(0.216) |
(0.132) |
(0.148) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.259*** |
0.085 |
0.061 |
-0.209 |
-0.035*** |
|
|
|
(0.073) |
(0.212) |
(0.130) |
(0.145) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.225** |
-0.453 |
0.868*** |
0.439** |
0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.106) |
(0.308) |
(0.188) |
(0.211) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.093 |
0.582** |
-0.234 |
-0.620*** |
-0.042** |
|
|
|
(0.099) |
(0.286) |
(0.175) |
(0.197) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.046 |
0.255 |
-0.295** |
0.840*** |
0.022* |
|
|
|
(0.077) |
(0.221) |
(0.135) |
(0.152) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.158** |
-0.250 |
0.201 |
0.004 |
-0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.080) |
(0.231) |
(0.141) |
(0.158) |
(0.013) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.140 |
-0.055 |
-1.082 |
1.398 |
1.779*** |
|
|
|
(0.439) |
(1.269) |
(0.777) |
(0.871) |
(0.074) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.254 |
0.042 |
0.928 |
-1.591* |
-0.826*** |
|
|
|
(0.459) |
(1.327) |
(0.812) |
(0.911) |
(0.077) |
|
|
constant |
-0.007 |
0.010 |
0.019 |
0.035** |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.007) |
(0.021) |
(0.013) |
(0.015) |
(0.001) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kansas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.469*** |
-0.552** |
0.259 |
0.149 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.160) |
(0.236) |
(0.181) |
(0.116) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.057 |
0.371** |
-0.271** |
0.123 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.122) |
(0.179) |
(0.138) |
(0.088) |
(0.015) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.256 |
-0.199 |
0.460** |
-0.032 |
-0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.239) |
(0.183) |
(0.117) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.358** |
-0.402 |
0.537*** |
0.493*** |
-0.045** |
|
|
|
(0.166) |
(0.245) |
(0.188) |
(0.120) |
(0.021) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
1.801* |
-1.841 |
0.005 |
-0.690 |
0.355*** |
|
|
|
(1.073) |
(1.578) |
(1.212) |
(0.776) |
(0.135) |
|
|
year |
-0.016** |
0.016 |
-0.019** |
0.015** |
0.005*** |
|
|
|
(0.008) |
(0.012) |
(0.009) |
(0.006) |
(0.001) |
|
|
constant |
31.803** |
-30.413 |
36.652** |
-28.897** |
-9.424*** |
|
|
|
(15.972) |
(23.495) |
(18.044) |
|
(2.014) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kentucky |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.436*** |
0.620* |
-0.798** |
0.110 |
-0.049 |
|
|
|
(0.137) |
(0.358) |
(0.354) |
(0.225) |
(0.037) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.232* |
-0.400 |
0.211 |
0.295 |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.129) |
(0.336) |
(0.333) |
(0.211) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.194*** |
0.405** |
0.124 |
0.084 |
0.015 |
|
|
|
(0.069) |
(0.180) |
(0.178) |
(0.113) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.022 |
0.444** |
-0.278 |
-0.085 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.072) |
(0.188) |
(0.186) |
(0.118) |
(0.019) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.155** |
-0.196 |
0.776*** |
0.401*** |
-0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.075) |
(0.195) |
(0.193) |
(0.123) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.066 |
0.037 |
0.005 |
-0.241* |
0.017 |
|
|
|
(0.079) |
(0.206) |
(0.204) |
(0.130) |
(0.021) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.035 |
0.193 |
-0.379 |
1.072*** |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.092) |
(0.241) |
(0.238) |
(0.151) |
(0.025) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.134 |
0.161 |
0.238 |
-0.165 |
0.024 |
|
|
|
(0.094) |
(0.246) |
(0.244) |
(0.155) |
(0.025) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.163*** |
-0.110 |
-1.148 |
1.944*** |
1.436*** |
|
|
|
(0.431) |
(1.126) |
(1.114) |
(0.708) |
(0.115) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.994** |
-1.338 |
1.212 |
-1.375** |
-0.563*** |
|
|
|
(0.415) |
(1.084) |
(1.073) |
(0.681) |
(0.111) |
|
|
constant |
-0.001 |
0.007 |
0.012 |
0.040*** |
0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.006) |
(0.015) |
(0.015) |
(0.010) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Louisiana |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.241 |
0.318 |
-0.319 |
-0.271*** |
-0.017 |
|
|
|
(0.148) |
(0.465) |
(0.322) |
(0.094) |
(0.049) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.164** |
0.773*** |
-0.065 |
0.069 |
0.025 |
|
|
|
(0.066) |
(0.208) |
(0.144) |
(0.042) |
(0.022) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.071 |
-0.103 |
0.556** |
0.267*** |
-0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.111) |
(0.347) |
(0.240) |
(0.070) |
(0.037) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.326* |
-0.935 |
0.529 |
0.514*** |
0.340*** |
|
|
|
(0.193) |
(0.605) |
(0.419) |
(0.122) |
(0.064) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.114 |
1.072* |
-0.169 |
-0.354*** |
0.663*** |
|
|
|
(0.185) |
(0.582) |
(0.403) |
(0.118) |
(0.062) |
|
|
year |
-0.011** |
0.013 |
-0.017 |
0.016*** |
-0.007*** |
|
|
|
(0.005) |
(0.016) |
(0.011) |
(0.003) |
(0.002) |
|
|
constant |
20.696** |
-25.141 |
32.838 |
-30.766*** |
14.087*** |
|
|
|
(10.264) |
(32.232) |
(22.298) |
(6.511) |
(3.411) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Massachusetts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.238 |
0.129 |
-0.041 |
-0.020 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.166) |
(0.099) |
(0.051) |
(0.053) |
(0.005) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.000 |
0.107 |
-0.020 |
0.066 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.146) |
(0.087) |
(0.045) |
(0.047) |
(0.005) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-1.055*** |
0.579*** |
0.265*** |
-0.077 |
-0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.303) |
(0.180) |
(0.093) |
(0.097) |
(0.010) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.521 |
0.520** |
-0.240** |
-0.040 |
-0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.376) |
(0.224) |
(0.115) |
(0.120) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.933* |
-0.406 |
0.926*** |
0.104 |
0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.484) |
(0.288) |
(0.148) |
(0.154) |
(0.016) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.375 |
0.453 |
-0.143 |
-0.055 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.514) |
(0.306) |
(0.158) |
(0.164) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.354 |
-0.765** |
-0.094 |
1.343*** |
0.056*** |
|
|
|
(0.517) |
(0.308) |
(0.158) |
(0.165) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.909* |
0.389 |
0.307* |
-0.522*** |
-0.070*** |
|
|
|
(0.522) |
(0.311) |
(0.160) |
(0.167) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-5.875* |
6.189*** |
-1.334 |
-1.197 |
1.240*** |
|
|
|
(3.534) |
(2.102) |
(1.082) |
(1.127) |
(0.117) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.697 |
-3.329* |
-0.171 |
1.751* |
-0.253** |
|
|
|
(3.225) |
(1.918) |
(0.988) |
(1.029) |
(0.107) |
|
|
constant |
0.100* |
-0.052 |
0.023 |
0.046** |
0.005** |
|
|
|
(0.057) |
(0.034) |
(0.018) |
(0.018) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maryland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.853*** |
-0.223* |
-0.103 |
0.014 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.166) |
(0.130) |
(0.086) |
(0.062) |
(0.010) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.268* |
0.138 |
-0.089 |
0.005 |
-0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.126) |
(0.084) |
(0.061) |
(0.010) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.059 |
0.623*** |
-0.329*** |
0.027 |
-0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.207) |
(0.161) |
(0.107) |
(0.078) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.229 |
0.168 |
-0.011 |
-0.101 |
-0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.200) |
(0.157) |
(0.104) |
(0.075) |
(0.013) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.279 |
-0.518** |
0.474*** |
0.093 |
-0.032* |
|
|
|
(0.312) |
(0.244) |
(0.161) |
(0.117) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.078 |
0.491** |
-0.146 |
-0.252** |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.270) |
(0.211) |
(0.139) |
(0.101) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.248 |
-0.486* |
-0.030 |
1.394*** |
0.052** |
|
|
|
(0.366) |
(0.286) |
(0.189) |
(0.137) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.067 |
0.192 |
-0.331 |
-0.528*** |
-0.042 |
|
|
|
(0.411) |
(0.321) |
(0.212) |
(0.154) |
(0.026) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.294 |
0.638 |
0.866 |
-0.064 |
1.535*** |
|
|
|
(1.757) |
(1.373) |
(0.909) |
(0.661) |
(0.110) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.896 |
-0.291 |
-1.029 |
0.145 |
-0.605*** |
|
|
|
(1.644) |
(1.284) |
(0.851) |
(0.618) |
(0.103) |
|
|
constant |
-0.030 |
0.025 |
-0.022 |
0.034* |
0.009*** |
|
|
|
(0.054) |
(0.042) |
(0.028) |
(0.020) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.054 |
-0.000 |
0.005 |
-0.104 |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.172) |
(0.149) |
(0.056) |
(0.072) |
(0.014) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.268** |
0.114 |
-0.042 |
0.060 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.133) |
(0.115) |
(0.043) |
(0.055) |
(0.011) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.396** |
0.592*** |
0.008 |
0.052 |
0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.191) |
(0.166) |
(0.062) |
(0.080) |
(0.016) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.058 |
0.007 |
-0.030 |
-0.182** |
0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.209) |
(0.180) |
(0.068) |
(0.087) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-1.171** |
-0.206 |
0.828*** |
0.090 |
0.024 |
|
|
|
(0.510) |
(0.442) |
(0.165) |
(0.213) |
(0.041) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.550 |
0.120 |
-0.323** |
-0.237 |
0.022 |
|
|
|
(0.439) |
(0.380) |
(0.142) |
(0.183) |
(0.036) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.106 |
-0.510 |
-0.164 |
1.066*** |
0.052* |
|
|
|
(0.360) |
(0.311) |
(0.117) |
(0.150) |
(0.029) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.558 |
0.594* |
-0.031 |
-0.228 |
-0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.408) |
(0.353) |
(0.132) |
(0.170) |
(0.033) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.271 |
1.857 |
0.699 |
0.294 |
1.471*** |
|
|
|
(1.717) |
(1.485) |
(0.556) |
(0.716) |
(0.139) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.275 |
-2.856* |
-0.688 |
-0.095 |
-0.551*** |
|
|
|
(1.699) |
(1.470) |
(0.550) |
(0.708) |
(0.138) |
|
|
constant |
-0.082** |
-0.007 |
-0.001 |
0.037** |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.035) |
(0.030) |
(0.011) |
(0.015) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michigan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.665*** |
0.336 |
-0.112 |
-0.125 |
-0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.168) |
(0.268) |
(0.195) |
(0.179) |
(0.016) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.057 |
0.023 |
0.018 |
-0.072 |
0.023 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.259) |
(0.189) |
(0.173) |
(0.015) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.072 |
0.632*** |
-0.265 |
0.153 |
0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.148) |
(0.237) |
(0.172) |
(0.158) |
(0.014) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.202 |
0.716*** |
-0.131 |
-0.313* |
-0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.151) |
(0.241) |
(0.175) |
(0.161) |
(0.014) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.109 |
0.507* |
0.125 |
0.157 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.180) |
(0.289) |
(0.210) |
(0.192) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.223 |
0.661** |
0.004 |
-0.541*** |
-0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.172) |
(0.275) |
(0.200) |
(0.183) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.100 |
-0.422 |
-0.254 |
1.341*** |
0.080*** |
|
|
|
(0.181) |
(0.289) |
(0.210) |
(0.193) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.102 |
1.182*** |
-0.347 |
-0.616*** |
-0.060*** |
|
|
|
(0.210) |
(0.335) |
(0.244) |
(0.223) |
(0.020) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.326 |
2.477 |
-0.630 |
0.223 |
1.528*** |
|
|
|
(0.968) |
(1.548) |
(1.125) |
(1.032) |
(0.092) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.373* |
-3.184** |
1.389 |
-0.192 |
-0.633*** |
|
|
|
(0.831) |
(1.330) |
(0.966) |
(0.886) |
(0.079) |
|
|
constant |
-0.020 |
0.006 |
0.013 |
0.029* |
0.004** |
|
|
|
(0.016) |
(0.026) |
(0.019) |
(0.017) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minnesota |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.467*** |
0.442** |
-0.088 |
-0.458*** |
0.011 |
|
|
|
(0.142) |
(0.213) |
(0.134) |
(0.133) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.093 |
0.055 |
-0.302** |
0.271** |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.140) |
(0.209) |
(0.132) |
(0.131) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.215* |
0.820*** |
0.168 |
0.052 |
0.025* |
|
|
|
(0.111) |
(0.166) |
(0.105) |
(0.103) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.258** |
0.054 |
-0.070 |
-0.198** |
-0.038*** |
|
|
|
(0.106) |
(0.158) |
(0.100) |
(0.099) |
(0.013) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.199 |
0.003 |
0.305** |
0.718*** |
0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.153) |
(0.229) |
(0.145) |
(0.143) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.580*** |
0.051 |
0.166 |
-0.497*** |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.160) |
(0.240) |
(0.152) |
(0.150) |
(0.019) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.221 |
0.129 |
-0.111 |
0.955*** |
0.029* |
|
|
|
(0.143) |
(0.214) |
(0.135) |
(0.133) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.362*** |
0.252 |
-0.021 |
-0.443*** |
-0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.135) |
(0.202) |
(0.128) |
(0.126) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
2.064** |
-0.602 |
-0.856 |
1.842** |
1.519*** |
|
|
|
(0.952) |
(1.426) |
(0.900) |
(0.888) |
(0.114) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-2.348** |
-0.126 |
0.405 |
-0.430 |
-0.510*** |
|
|
|
(1.011) |
(1.515) |
(0.956) |
(0.944) |
(0.121) |
|
|
constant |
-0.028** |
-0.006 |
0.015 |
0.051*** |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.014) |
(0.021) |
(0.013) |
(0.013) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Missouri |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.269** |
-0.045 |
-0.175 |
-0.042 |
-0.108*** |
|
|
|
(0.120) |
(0.319) |
(0.289) |
(0.157) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.054 |
0.440*** |
0.278*** |
0.011 |
-0.027*** |
|
|
|
(0.041) |
(0.109) |
(0.098) |
(0.054) |
(0.009) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.104* |
0.259 |
0.420*** |
0.044 |
-0.052*** |
|
|
|
(0.062) |
(0.164) |
(0.148) |
(0.081) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.059 |
0.164 |
0.170 |
0.315** |
-0.067*** |
|
|
|
(0.115) |
(0.306) |
(0.277) |
(0.151) |
(0.025) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.913** |
3.768*** |
-2.411*** |
-0.252 |
1.035*** |
|
|
|
(0.361) |
(0.958) |
(0.867) |
(0.472) |
(0.078) |
|
|
year |
-0.012*** |
-0.024*** |
0.003 |
0.016*** |
0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.003) |
(0.007) |
(0.007) |
(0.004) |
(0.001) |
|
|
constant |
23.202*** |
46.401*** |
-6.783 |
-31.357*** |
-0.656 |
|
|
|
(5.392) |
|
(12.954) |
(7.051) |
(1.167) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mississippi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.920*** |
-0.234 |
0.034 |
-0.056 |
-0.009 |
|
|
|
(0.145) |
(0.179) |
(0.139) |
(0.075) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.187 |
-0.080 |
0.150 |
0.003 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.144) |
(0.178) |
(0.138) |
(0.074) |
(0.013) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.203 |
0.648*** |
-0.282 |
0.136 |
-0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.193) |
(0.237) |
(0.184) |
(0.099) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.367* |
0.274 |
-0.235 |
-0.086 |
-0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.188) |
(0.232) |
(0.180) |
(0.097) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.382 |
0.202 |
0.285 |
0.248* |
-0.009 |
|
|
|
(0.251) |
(0.309) |
(0.240) |
(0.129) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.494** |
-0.114 |
0.001 |
-0.182 |
-0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.233) |
(0.287) |
(0.223) |
(0.120) |
(0.021) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.061 |
1.246*** |
-0.565** |
1.014*** |
-0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.287) |
(0.353) |
(0.274) |
(0.148) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.142 |
-0.954*** |
0.501* |
-0.061 |
0.048* |
|
|
|
(0.293) |
(0.360) |
(0.279) |
(0.151) |
(0.027) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-1.261 |
-5.513*** |
1.496 |
0.152 |
1.445*** |
|
|
|
(1.266) |
(1.556) |
(1.208) |
(0.652) |
(0.115) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
2.152* |
4.283*** |
-2.165* |
0.013 |
-0.641*** |
|
|
|
(1.276) |
(1.569) |
(1.217) |
(0.657) |
(0.116) |
|
|
constant |
0.025 |
-0.045 |
0.031 |
0.049*** |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.023) |
(0.029) |
(0.022) |
(0.012) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Montana |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.570*** |
0.170 |
-0.058 |
0.096 |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.147) |
(0.153) |
(0.087) |
(0.072) |
(0.012) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.025 |
-0.015 |
-0.001 |
-0.070 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.139) |
(0.144) |
(0.083) |
(0.068) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.269* |
0.753*** |
-0.117 |
0.098 |
-0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.168) |
(0.096) |
(0.079) |
(0.014) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.039 |
0.047 |
-0.110 |
0.043 |
0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.177) |
(0.183) |
(0.105) |
(0.086) |
(0.015) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.434 |
-0.080 |
0.874*** |
0.097 |
-0.029 |
|
|
|
(0.267) |
(0.276) |
(0.158) |
(0.130) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.092 |
0.043 |
-0.054 |
-0.138 |
0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.260) |
(0.269) |
(0.154) |
(0.126) |
(0.022) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.071 |
0.005 |
-0.142 |
0.812*** |
0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.303) |
(0.314) |
(0.180) |
(0.147) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.403 |
-0.052 |
0.106 |
0.104 |
0.036 |
|
|
|
(0.321) |
(0.332) |
(0.190) |
(0.156) |
(0.027) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-1.409 |
-0.532 |
0.363 |
-0.241 |
1.495*** |
|
|
|
(1.110) |
(1.149) |
(0.658) |
(0.539) |
(0.094) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
1.885* |
0.229 |
-0.412 |
0.324 |
-0.663*** |
|
|
|
(1.027) |
(1.062) |
(0.609) |
(0.498) |
(0.087) |
|
|
constant |
-0.039 |
0.016 |
0.004 |
0.045*** |
-0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.027) |
(0.028) |
(0.016) |
(0.013) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Carolina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.299** |
0.088 |
-0.051 |
0.129 |
-0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.136) |
(0.228) |
(0.164) |
(0.111) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.645*** |
-0.351 |
0.418** |
-0.017 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.136) |
(0.229) |
(0.164) |
(0.112) |
(0.019) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.170 |
0.557*** |
0.142 |
0.001 |
0.031* |
|
|
|
(0.128) |
(0.215) |
(0.154) |
(0.105) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.152 |
0.089 |
0.008 |
-0.094 |
-0.024 |
|
|
|
(0.122) |
(0.204) |
(0.146) |
(0.099) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.559*** |
-0.139 |
0.736*** |
0.503*** |
0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.183) |
(0.307) |
(0.220) |
(0.150) |
(0.025) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.032 |
-0.297 |
0.457** |
-0.442*** |
-0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.180) |
(0.302) |
(0.217) |
(0.147) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.167 |
-0.028 |
-0.315* |
1.251*** |
0.027 |
|
|
|
(0.158) |
(0.265) |
(0.190) |
(0.129) |
(0.021) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.179 |
-0.097 |
0.496*** |
-0.361*** |
-0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.156) |
(0.261) |
(0.188) |
(0.128) |
(0.021) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.880 |
-0.289 |
-1.299 |
1.267* |
1.586*** |
|
|
|
(0.867) |
(1.452) |
(1.044) |
(0.709) |
(0.118) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.200 |
-0.050 |
1.298 |
-1.085 |
-0.595*** |
|
|
|
(0.861) |
(1.442) |
(1.037) |
(0.704) |
(0.117) |
|
|
constant |
-0.009 |
0.050* |
0.003 |
0.044*** |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.017) |
(0.029) |
(0.021) |
(0.014) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Dakota |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.274* |
0.134 |
-0.368 |
0.527 |
-0.174*** |
|
|
|
(0.150) |
(0.503) |
(0.442) |
(0.582) |
(0.045) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.050 |
0.120 |
0.464 |
-0.689 |
0.060 |
|
|
|
(0.123) |
(0.414) |
(0.364) |
(0.479) |
(0.037) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.171** |
0.624** |
0.178 |
-0.112 |
-0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.074) |
(0.247) |
(0.217) |
(0.286) |
(0.022) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.045 |
0.130 |
-0.218 |
0.264 |
0.039 |
|
|
|
(0.079) |
(0.266) |
(0.233) |
(0.307) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.244*** |
0.103 |
0.957*** |
-0.123 |
0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.086) |
(0.291) |
(0.255) |
(0.336) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.153 |
-0.043 |
-0.392 |
0.473 |
0.052 |
|
|
|
(0.106) |
(0.356) |
(0.313) |
(0.412) |
(0.032) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.131 |
0.173 |
0.115 |
0.569* |
-0.023 |
|
|
|
(0.084) |
(0.284) |
(0.249) |
(0.328) |
(0.025) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.067 |
-0.165 |
-0.118 |
0.380 |
0.045* |
|
|
|
(0.089) |
(0.298) |
(0.261) |
(0.344) |
(0.027) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.336 |
-3.618*** |
2.068* |
0.927 |
1.212*** |
|
|
|
(0.412) |
(1.387) |
(1.217) |
(1.602) |
(0.125) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
1.242*** |
4.544*** |
-0.793 |
-2.767* |
-0.435*** |
|
|
|
(0.398) |
(1.339) |
(1.175) |
(1.547) |
(0.120) |
|
|
constant |
-0.034*** |
0.043 |
0.002 |
0.039 |
-0.007** |
|
|
|
(0.011) |
(0.036) |
(0.032) |
(0.042) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nebraska |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.009 |
-0.443 |
0.449 |
0.355*** |
0.088*** |
|
|
|
(0.156) |
(0.404) |
(0.383) |
(0.108) |
(0.028) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.194** |
0.698*** |
-0.180 |
0.268*** |
0.096*** |
|
|
|
(0.098) |
(0.253) |
(0.240) |
(0.067) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.143 |
0.139 |
0.531** |
0.236*** |
0.113*** |
|
|
|
(0.110) |
(0.285) |
(0.269) |
(0.076) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.467*** |
0.668* |
0.027 |
0.239** |
0.040 |
|
|
|
(0.150) |
(0.389) |
(0.368) |
(0.103) |
(0.027) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.411 |
-4.229*** |
2.307* |
0.554 |
0.577*** |
|
|
|
(0.520) |
(1.346) |
(1.274) |
(0.358) |
(0.095) |
|
|
year |
0.008** |
-0.006 |
-0.007 |
0.018*** |
0.002*** |
|
|
|
(0.004) |
(0.011) |
(0.010) |
(0.003) |
(0.001) |
|
|
constant |
-16.460** |
12.631 |
13.608 |
-35.493*** |
-3.947*** |
|
|
|
(7.979) |
(20.629) |
(19.529) |
(5.488) |
(1.451) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Hampshire |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.671*** |
-0.062 |
-0.082 |
0.018 |
0.020* |
|
|
|
(0.154) |
(0.214) |
(0.200) |
(0.051) |
(0.011) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.096 |
0.168 |
-0.127 |
-0.081 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.163) |
(0.227) |
(0.212) |
(0.054) |
(0.011) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.116 |
1.124*** |
0.078 |
-0.048 |
0.033** |
|
|
|
(0.237) |
(0.330) |
(0.309) |
(0.078) |
(0.016) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.156 |
-0.249 |
-0.154 |
-0.081 |
-0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.234) |
(0.326) |
(0.304) |
(0.077) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.123 |
0.379 |
0.606* |
0.086 |
0.051*** |
|
|
|
(0.251) |
(0.350) |
(0.327) |
(0.083) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.272 |
0.116 |
-0.384 |
-0.088 |
-0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.234) |
(0.325) |
(0.304) |
(0.077) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.078 |
-0.301 |
0.039 |
0.880*** |
0.053 |
|
|
|
(0.483) |
(0.673) |
(0.628) |
(0.159) |
(0.033) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.260 |
0.321 |
0.154 |
-0.171 |
-0.066** |
|
|
|
(0.449) |
(0.624) |
(0.583) |
(0.148) |
(0.031) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
3.087* |
2.114 |
-2.680 |
0.679 |
1.405*** |
|
|
|
(1.871) |
(2.604) |
(2.433) |
(0.615) |
(0.128) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-2.925 |
-2.197 |
2.186 |
-0.363 |
-0.374*** |
|
|
|
(1.879) |
(2.615) |
(2.444) |
(0.618) |
(0.129) |
|
|
constant |
-0.035 |
0.003 |
0.013 |
0.034** |
0.014*** |
|
|
|
(0.047) |
(0.066) |
(0.061) |
(0.015) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Jersey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.508*** |
0.068 |
-0.043 |
-0.003 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.147) |
(0.086) |
(0.046) |
(0.047) |
(0.005) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.097 |
-0.031 |
0.048 |
0.067 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.141) |
(0.083) |
(0.044) |
(0.045) |
(0.004) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.645** |
0.490*** |
0.020 |
0.032 |
0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.287) |
(0.168) |
(0.090) |
(0.092) |
(0.009) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.343 |
0.147 |
0.136 |
-0.110 |
-0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.286) |
(0.168) |
(0.090) |
(0.092) |
(0.009) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.367 |
-0.615** |
0.974*** |
0.450*** |
-0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.463) |
(0.271) |
(0.145) |
(0.149) |
(0.015) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.526 |
0.546* |
-0.286* |
-0.400** |
0.011 |
|
|
|
(0.500) |
(0.293) |
(0.157) |
(0.161) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.051 |
-0.481* |
-0.019 |
1.174*** |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.467) |
(0.274) |
(0.147) |
(0.150) |
(0.015) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.453 |
0.212 |
0.094 |
-0.266* |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.453) |
(0.265) |
(0.142) |
(0.146) |
(0.014) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-1.438 |
-0.379 |
1.005 |
-0.386 |
1.729*** |
|
|
|
(2.538) |
(1.486) |
(0.796) |
(0.816) |
(0.079) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-2.003 |
0.752 |
-1.408* |
0.664 |
-0.782*** |
|
|
|
(2.579) |
(1.510) |
(0.809) |
(0.829) |
(0.081) |
|
|
constant |
0.040 |
0.049 |
-0.027 |
0.045** |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.055) |
(0.032) |
(0.017) |
(0.018) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.861*** |
-0.258 |
0.227 |
0.147 |
-0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.864) |
(0.647) |
(0.153) |
(0.055) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.216 |
0.898 |
-0.307 |
-0.078 |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.863) |
(0.645) |
(0.152) |
(0.055) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.073 |
0.671** |
-0.070 |
0.051 |
0.036* |
|
|
|
(0.057) |
(0.305) |
(0.228) |
(0.054) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.069 |
0.018 |
0.009 |
-0.025 |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.061) |
(0.326) |
(0.244) |
(0.058) |
(0.021) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.060 |
-0.090 |
0.506* |
0.077 |
0.032 |
|
|
|
(0.068) |
(0.363) |
(0.272) |
(0.064) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.080 |
-0.158 |
0.325 |
-0.100 |
0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.067) |
(0.357) |
(0.267) |
(0.063) |
(0.023) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.263 |
-0.195 |
-0.922 |
0.976*** |
0.089 |
|
|
|
(0.163) |
(0.870) |
(0.651) |
(0.154) |
(0.055) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.284* |
-0.194 |
1.254* |
-0.075 |
-0.027 |
|
|
|
(0.161) |
(0.859) |
(0.643) |
(0.152) |
(0.055) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.213 |
-1.076 |
1.052 |
0.264 |
1.507*** |
|
|
|
(0.319) |
(1.699) |
(1.271) |
(0.300) |
(0.108) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.178 |
1.214 |
-1.650 |
-0.148 |
-0.542*** |
|
|
|
(0.332) |
(1.770) |
(1.324) |
(0.313) |
(0.113) |
|
|
constant |
0.030*** |
0.083* |
-0.022 |
0.029*** |
-0.007** |
|
|
|
(0.009) |
(0.049) |
(0.036) |
(0.009) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nevada |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.794*** |
0.255 |
0.635*** |
-0.001 |
-0.059 |
|
|
|
(0.151) |
(0.334) |
(0.191) |
(0.106) |
(0.041) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.397** |
0.290 |
-0.465** |
0.014 |
0.055 |
|
|
|
(0.176) |
(0.390) |
(0.224) |
(0.124) |
(0.048) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.108 |
0.457** |
-0.161 |
0.054 |
0.026 |
|
|
|
(0.099) |
(0.219) |
(0.125) |
(0.069) |
(0.027) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.083 |
-0.085 |
0.195* |
-0.028 |
-0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.085) |
(0.189) |
(0.108) |
(0.060) |
(0.023) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.345** |
-0.415 |
0.728*** |
0.086 |
0.071 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.359) |
(0.206) |
(0.114) |
(0.044) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.074 |
-0.189 |
0.123 |
-0.054 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.144) |
(0.319) |
(0.183) |
(0.101) |
(0.039) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.104 |
0.743 |
-0.985*** |
1.199*** |
0.217*** |
|
|
|
(0.210) |
(0.465) |
(0.267) |
(0.147) |
(0.057) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.858*** |
-0.177 |
0.695** |
-0.527*** |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.270) |
(0.599) |
(0.343) |
(0.189) |
(0.074) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.351 |
-0.202 |
-0.731 |
0.106 |
1.367*** |
|
|
|
(0.381) |
(0.844) |
(0.484) |
(0.267) |
(0.104) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.171 |
-0.397 |
0.838* |
0.040 |
-0.437*** |
|
|
|
(0.361) |
(0.800) |
(0.459) |
(0.253) |
(0.099) |
|
|
constant |
0.095*** |
0.028 |
-0.012 |
0.022 |
0.013** |
|
|
|
(0.022) |
(0.048) |
(0.028) |
(0.015) |
(0.006) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New York |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.512*** |
0.003 |
-0.080 |
-0.063 |
0.024*** |
|
|
|
(0.151) |
(0.096) |
(0.056) |
(0.062) |
(0.007) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.156 |
-0.114 |
-0.014 |
0.003 |
0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.158) |
(0.101) |
(0.058) |
(0.065) |
(0.007) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.463 |
0.803*** |
0.069 |
-0.048 |
-0.019 |
|
|
|
(0.287) |
(0.183) |
(0.106) |
(0.118) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.161 |
0.139 |
-0.201** |
-0.150 |
0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.265) |
(0.169) |
(0.098) |
(0.109) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.075 |
1.027*** |
0.286* |
-0.260 |
0.009 |
|
|
|
(0.454) |
(0.290) |
(0.168) |
(0.187) |
(0.021) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.588 |
-0.250 |
-0.060 |
0.094 |
0.009 |
|
|
|
(0.418) |
(0.267) |
(0.155) |
(0.172) |
(0.019) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.316 |
-0.152 |
-0.131 |
1.184*** |
-0.043** |
|
|
|
(0.435) |
(0.277) |
(0.161) |
(0.179) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.479 |
0.440 |
-0.302* |
-0.366** |
0.051** |
|
|
|
(0.438) |
(0.279) |
(0.162) |
(0.180) |
(0.020) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
3.281 |
4.834*** |
-0.371 |
-0.403 |
1.468*** |
|
|
|
(2.885) |
(1.840) |
(1.066) |
(1.185) |
(0.131) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-4.425 |
-4.609** |
0.384 |
0.413 |
-0.451*** |
|
|
|
(3.099) |
(1.976) |
(1.145) |
(1.273) |
(0.141) |
|
|
constant |
-0.051 |
-0.021 |
0.017 |
0.042** |
0.004** |
|
|
|
(0.040) |
(0.026) |
(0.015) |
(0.016) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ohio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.824*** |
0.070 |
-0.011 |
-0.615*** |
-0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.173) |
(0.494) |
(0.453) |
(0.163) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.042 |
0.469 |
-0.082 |
-0.021 |
-0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.190) |
(0.543) |
(0.498) |
(0.180) |
(0.023) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.031 |
0.736** |
-0.044 |
-0.003 |
0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.112) |
(0.320) |
(0.294) |
(0.106) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.073 |
0.145 |
0.058 |
-0.256** |
-0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.111) |
(0.316) |
(0.290) |
(0.105) |
(0.013) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.113 |
0.865** |
-0.104 |
-0.065 |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.126) |
(0.359) |
(0.329) |
(0.119) |
(0.015) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.059 |
0.245 |
0.025 |
-0.211* |
-0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.130) |
(0.370) |
(0.339) |
(0.122) |
(0.015) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.089 |
0.249 |
-0.318 |
0.750*** |
0.009 |
|
|
|
(0.148) |
(0.422) |
(0.387) |
(0.140) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.008 |
0.280 |
-0.086 |
-0.320*** |
-0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.131) |
(0.374) |
(0.343) |
(0.124) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.351 |
8.264*** |
-6.207*** |
-0.833 |
1.583*** |
|
|
|
(0.896) |
(2.557) |
(2.345) |
(0.847) |
(0.106) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.056 |
-7.060*** |
5.322** |
1.743** |
-0.653*** |
|
|
|
(0.883) |
(2.520) |
(2.311) |
(0.834) |
(0.105) |
|
|
constant |
-0.015 |
-0.125*** |
0.092** |
0.070*** |
0.005*** |
|
|
|
(0.015) |
(0.044) |
(0.040) |
(0.014) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oklahoma |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.979*** |
-0.114 |
0.415 |
0.075 |
0.054 |
|
|
|
(0.153) |
(0.396) |
(0.285) |
(0.217) |
(0.043) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.138 |
0.157 |
-0.631** |
-0.128 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.152) |
(0.391) |
(0.282) |
(0.215) |
(0.042) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.075 |
0.876*** |
-0.110 |
0.052 |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.082) |
(0.212) |
(0.152) |
(0.116) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.121 |
-0.044 |
0.080 |
-0.071 |
0.027 |
|
|
|
(0.085) |
(0.218) |
(0.157) |
(0.120) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.159 |
-0.377 |
0.759*** |
0.201 |
0.052 |
|
|
|
(0.116) |
(0.298) |
(0.214) |
(0.164) |
(0.032) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.257** |
0.431 |
0.114 |
-0.334* |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.121) |
(0.313) |
(0.225) |
(0.172) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.266** |
-0.174 |
-0.292 |
1.181*** |
0.148*** |
|
|
|
(0.118) |
(0.305) |
(0.219) |
(0.167) |
(0.033) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.334** |
0.299 |
0.395 |
-0.311 |
-0.034 |
|
|
|
(0.144) |
(0.372) |
(0.268) |
(0.204) |
(0.040) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.109 |
-0.982 |
-0.292 |
0.356 |
1.353*** |
|
|
|
(0.350) |
(0.902) |
(0.649) |
(0.495) |
(0.098) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.072 |
0.543 |
0.009 |
-0.143 |
-0.587*** |
|
|
|
(0.279) |
(0.718) |
(0.517) |
(0.394) |
(0.078) |
|
|
constant |
-0.015* |
0.008 |
-0.020 |
0.036*** |
-0.004* |
|
|
|
(0.009) |
(0.022) |
(0.016) |
(0.012) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oregon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.615*** |
0.003 |
-0.124 |
0.008 |
-0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.157) |
(0.137) |
(0.092) |
(0.064) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.121 |
-0.274* |
0.062 |
0.039 |
0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.161) |
(0.141) |
(0.094) |
(0.066) |
(0.020) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.321 |
0.410** |
0.085 |
0.241*** |
0.031 |
|
|
|
(0.215) |
(0.188) |
(0.126) |
(0.088) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.256 |
0.382** |
-0.297** |
-0.232*** |
-0.036 |
|
|
|
(0.213) |
(0.186) |
(0.125) |
(0.087) |
(0.026) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.184 |
0.255 |
0.320 |
-0.085 |
-0.023 |
|
|
|
(0.375) |
(0.328) |
(0.220) |
(0.153) |
(0.046) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.040 |
0.264 |
-0.247 |
-0.120 |
-0.031 |
|
|
|
(0.315) |
(0.276) |
(0.185) |
(0.129) |
(0.038) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.567 |
-1.235*** |
0.530* |
1.730*** |
0.186*** |
|
|
|
(0.544) |
(0.476) |
(0.319) |
(0.222) |
(0.066) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.605 |
1.234** |
-0.678** |
-0.812*** |
-0.095 |
|
|
|
(0.572) |
(0.500) |
(0.335) |
(0.233) |
(0.069) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.404 |
-0.067 |
-0.122 |
0.121 |
1.529*** |
|
|
|
(0.946) |
(0.828) |
(0.555) |
(0.386) |
(0.115) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.264 |
0.187 |
-0.327 |
-0.131 |
-0.683*** |
|
|
|
(0.961) |
(0.840) |
(0.563) |
(0.392) |
(0.117) |
|
|
constant |
-0.042 |
0.066*** |
-0.004 |
0.008 |
-0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.027) |
(0.024) |
(0.016) |
(0.011) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pennsylvania |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.029 |
-0.535*** |
-0.206 |
-0.218** |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.162) |
(0.121) |
(0.126) |
(0.111) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.168 |
0.074 |
-0.147 |
-0.102 |
-0.044* |
|
|
|
(0.151) |
(0.113) |
(0.118) |
(0.103) |
(0.024) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.061 |
0.134 |
0.136 |
0.073 |
0.050* |
|
|
|
(0.185) |
(0.139) |
(0.145) |
(0.127) |
(0.030) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.417** |
0.529*** |
-0.538*** |
0.428*** |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.187) |
(0.140) |
(0.146) |
(0.128) |
(0.030) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.326 |
1.949*** |
0.038 |
-0.123 |
0.960*** |
|
|
|
(0.601) |
(0.450) |
(0.470) |
(0.411) |
(0.097) |
|
|
year |
-0.001 |
-0.025*** |
0.003 |
0.011*** |
0.000 |
|
|
|
(0.005) |
(0.004) |
(0.004) |
(0.003) |
(0.001) |
|
|
constant |
1.584 |
49.582*** |
-5.605 |
-20.602*** |
-0.405 |
|
|
|
(9.415) |
(7.048) |
(7.353) |
(6.441) |
(1.513) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rhode Island |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.642*** |
-0.196 |
0.028 |
0.090 |
-0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.149) |
(0.239) |
(0.106) |
(0.072) |
(0.021) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.226 |
0.046 |
-0.050 |
0.041 |
-0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.177) |
(0.284) |
(0.126) |
(0.085) |
(0.025) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.180* |
0.568*** |
0.154** |
0.036 |
0.033** |
|
|
|
(0.101) |
(0.162) |
(0.072) |
(0.049) |
(0.014) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.186 |
0.180 |
-0.052 |
-0.071 |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.114) |
(0.183) |
(0.082) |
(0.055) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.006 |
0.073 |
1.109*** |
0.160 |
-0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.211) |
(0.338) |
(0.150) |
(0.102) |
(0.030) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.207 |
0.211 |
-0.311** |
-0.158* |
0.031 |
|
|
|
(0.198) |
(0.317) |
(0.141) |
(0.095) |
(0.028) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.828** |
-1.841*** |
-0.066 |
1.251*** |
0.019 |
|
|
|
(0.336) |
(0.538) |
(0.240) |
(0.162) |
(0.047) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.802** |
2.019*** |
0.120 |
-0.291* |
0.066 |
|
|
|
(0.363) |
(0.582) |
(0.259) |
(0.175) |
(0.051) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.265 |
-0.714 |
0.544 |
0.097 |
1.223*** |
|
|
|
(0.868) |
(1.392) |
(0.619) |
(0.418) |
(0.123) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.129 |
-0.845 |
-0.724 |
-0.045 |
-0.606*** |
|
|
|
(0.735) |
(1.178) |
(0.524) |
(0.354) |
(0.104) |
|
|
constant |
0.002 |
0.081** |
-0.019 |
0.035*** |
0.012*** |
|
|
|
(0.023) |
(0.036) |
(0.016) |
(0.011) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Carolina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.124 |
-0.070 |
-0.093 |
-0.080 |
0.041** |
|
|
|
(0.172) |
(0.131) |
(0.150) |
(0.081) |
(0.020) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.716*** |
0.383** |
0.179 |
-0.161* |
0.068*** |
|
|
|
(0.202) |
(0.153) |
(0.175) |
(0.095) |
(0.024) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.882*** |
-0.609*** |
1.083*** |
-0.062 |
0.040 |
|
|
|
(0.250) |
(0.190) |
(0.217) |
(0.118) |
(0.030) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.732*** |
1.207*** |
-0.596*** |
0.653*** |
0.101*** |
|
|
|
(0.142) |
(0.108) |
(0.124) |
(0.067) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.567* |
-2.787*** |
1.172*** |
0.439*** |
0.866*** |
|
|
|
(0.306) |
(0.232) |
(0.266) |
(0.144) |
(0.036) |
|
|
constant |
0.028 |
-0.247*** |
0.118*** |
0.137*** |
0.013*** |
|
|
|
(0.028) |
(0.021) |
(0.024) |
(0.013) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Dakota |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.781*** |
-0.028 |
0.011 |
-0.112 |
-0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.147) |
(0.213) |
(0.123) |
(0.161) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.200 |
-0.184 |
0.076 |
0.063 |
0.017 |
|
|
|
(0.146) |
(0.212) |
(0.122) |
(0.160) |
(0.013) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.115 |
0.730*** |
-0.113 |
-0.087 |
-0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.131) |
(0.189) |
(0.109) |
(0.143) |
(0.011) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.081 |
-0.207 |
0.012 |
0.222 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.127) |
(0.184) |
(0.106) |
(0.139) |
(0.011) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.152 |
-0.153 |
0.623*** |
-0.109 |
-0.051** |
|
|
|
(0.265) |
(0.383) |
(0.222) |
(0.290) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.042 |
0.171 |
0.114 |
0.085 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.248) |
(0.358) |
(0.207) |
(0.271) |
(0.021) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.032 |
-0.004 |
-0.001 |
0.527** |
-0.016 |
|
|
|
(0.196) |
(0.284) |
(0.164) |
(0.215) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.061 |
-0.086 |
-0.092 |
0.320* |
0.020 |
|
|
|
(0.173) |
(0.250) |
(0.144) |
(0.189) |
(0.015) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.699 |
-2.526 |
0.730 |
4.288*** |
1.579*** |
|
|
|
(1.451) |
(2.097) |
(1.214) |
(1.588) |
(0.125) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.493 |
1.949 |
-0.948 |
-3.364** |
-0.678*** |
|
|
|
(1.350) |
(1.952) |
(1.130) |
(1.477) |
(0.116) |
|
|
constant |
-0.049 |
-0.075 |
0.013 |
0.154*** |
-0.005* |
|
|
|
(0.033) |
(0.048) |
(0.028) |
(0.036) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tennessee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.321** |
0.132 |
-0.124 |
-0.103 |
-0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.163) |
(0.223) |
(0.147) |
(0.068) |
(0.012) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.116 |
0.498** |
-0.355** |
-0.054 |
-0.017 |
|
|
|
(0.163) |
(0.222) |
(0.146) |
(0.068) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.201 |
1.484*** |
-0.579*** |
-0.020 |
0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.173) |
(0.237) |
(0.156) |
(0.073) |
(0.013) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.217 |
-0.395 |
0.018 |
-0.067 |
0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.195) |
(0.267) |
(0.176) |
(0.082) |
(0.014) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.017 |
0.500 |
0.262 |
0.168 |
0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.259) |
(0.354) |
(0.233) |
(0.109) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.061 |
-0.166 |
-0.275 |
-0.215** |
0.015 |
|
|
|
(0.241) |
(0.329) |
(0.217) |
(0.101) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.373 |
0.030 |
-0.323 |
0.945*** |
-0.017 |
|
|
|
(0.349) |
(0.476) |
(0.314) |
(0.146) |
(0.026) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.256 |
-0.139 |
0.272 |
-0.016 |
0.054** |
|
|
|
(0.359) |
(0.491) |
(0.324) |
(0.151) |
(0.026) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.209 |
2.211 |
0.278 |
0.684 |
1.560*** |
|
|
|
(1.394) |
(1.904) |
(1.256) |
(0.585) |
(0.103) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.336 |
-1.665 |
-1.188 |
-0.791 |
-0.628*** |
|
|
|
(1.435) |
(1.961) |
(1.293) |
(0.603) |
(0.106) |
|
|
constant |
-0.026 |
0.010 |
-0.045 |
0.048*** |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.033) |
(0.046) |
(0.030) |
(0.014) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Texas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.996*** |
-0.242 |
0.114 |
0.031 |
-0.029 |
|
|
|
(0.147) |
(0.206) |
(0.138) |
(0.112) |
(0.023) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.310* |
0.686*** |
-0.565*** |
-0.307** |
0.022 |
|
|
|
(0.165) |
(0.232) |
(0.155) |
(0.126) |
(0.026) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.015 |
1.402*** |
-0.313** |
0.133 |
-0.027 |
|
|
|
(0.135) |
(0.190) |
(0.127) |
(0.103) |
(0.021) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.067 |
-0.629*** |
0.406*** |
-0.063 |
0.051** |
|
|
|
(0.142) |
(0.200) |
(0.134) |
(0.109) |
(0.022) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.193 |
-0.036 |
0.813*** |
0.170 |
0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.188) |
(0.264) |
(0.177) |
(0.143) |
(0.029) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.341* |
-0.195 |
0.165 |
-0.028 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.203) |
(0.285) |
(0.191) |
(0.155) |
(0.032) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.097 |
0.386 |
-0.721*** |
0.973*** |
0.094*** |
|
|
|
(0.184) |
(0.258) |
(0.173) |
(0.140) |
(0.029) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.160 |
-0.381 |
0.716*** |
-0.281** |
-0.058** |
|
|
|
(0.174) |
(0.244) |
(0.163) |
(0.132) |
(0.027) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.641 |
1.047 |
-1.414** |
0.576 |
1.385*** |
|
|
|
(0.759) |
(1.066) |
(0.714) |
(0.578) |
(0.119) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.610 |
-1.269 |
1.431** |
-0.157 |
-0.402*** |
|
|
|
(0.733) |
(1.031) |
(0.690) |
(0.559) |
(0.115) |
|
|
constant |
-0.001 |
-0.011 |
0.031* |
0.060*** |
0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.017) |
(0.024) |
(0.016) |
(0.013) |
(0.003) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Utah |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.035 |
-1.396*** |
0.673** |
-0.260 |
0.034 |
|
|
|
(0.139) |
(0.529) |
(0.305) |
(0.162) |
(0.052) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.503*** |
0.616 |
-0.118 |
0.047 |
0.078 |
|
|
|
(0.145) |
(0.554) |
(0.319) |
(0.169) |
(0.054) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.174*** |
0.976*** |
0.138 |
0.040 |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.047) |
(0.178) |
(0.102) |
(0.054) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.025 |
0.061 |
-0.265* |
0.014 |
-0.009 |
|
|
|
(0.063) |
(0.239) |
(0.138) |
(0.073) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.309*** |
0.203 |
0.995*** |
0.082 |
-0.021 |
|
|
|
(0.076) |
(0.289) |
(0.167) |
(0.088) |
(0.028) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.107 |
0.093 |
-0.257 |
-0.041 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.090) |
(0.345) |
(0.198) |
(0.105) |
(0.034) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.011 |
0.012 |
0.098 |
1.272*** |
0.072 |
|
|
|
(0.138) |
(0.527) |
(0.303) |
(0.161) |
(0.052) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.355** |
0.375 |
-0.324 |
-0.429** |
-0.057 |
|
|
|
(0.158) |
(0.603) |
(0.347) |
(0.184) |
(0.059) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.556** |
-3.737*** |
2.199*** |
0.413 |
1.715*** |
|
|
|
(0.244) |
(0.929) |
(0.535) |
(0.284) |
(0.091) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.704*** |
3.538*** |
-2.131*** |
-0.268 |
-0.742*** |
|
|
|
(0.234) |
(0.891) |
(0.513) |
(0.272) |
(0.088) |
|
|
constant |
0.042*** |
0.107*** |
-0.069*** |
0.025** |
-0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.010) |
(0.040) |
(0.023) |
(0.012) |
(0.004) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Virginia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.714*** |
0.036 |
-0.076 |
-0.012 |
0.014 |
|
|
|
(0.167) |
(0.096) |
(0.061) |
(0.054) |
(0.009) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.140 |
0.135 |
-0.020 |
-0.033 |
-0.005 |
|
|
|
(0.143) |
(0.083) |
(0.052) |
(0.046) |
(0.008) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.295 |
0.525*** |
0.010 |
0.045 |
0.010 |
|
|
|
(0.308) |
(0.178) |
(0.112) |
(0.099) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.509 |
0.763*** |
-0.390*** |
-0.171 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.332) |
(0.192) |
(0.121) |
(0.106) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
-0.859** |
0.062 |
0.637*** |
0.152 |
0.055** |
|
|
|
(0.411) |
(0.238) |
(0.150) |
(0.132) |
(0.022) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.280 |
0.831*** |
-0.443*** |
-0.314*** |
-0.025 |
|
|
|
(0.372) |
(0.215) |
(0.135) |
(0.119) |
(0.020) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.243 |
-0.113 |
-0.452*** |
1.268*** |
-0.031 |
|
|
|
(0.439) |
(0.254) |
(0.160) |
(0.141) |
(0.024) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.590 |
0.441* |
0.075 |
-0.478*** |
0.077*** |
|
|
|
(0.461) |
(0.267) |
(0.168) |
(0.148) |
(0.025) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.819 |
-1.153 |
2.601*** |
-0.036 |
1.190*** |
|
|
|
(2.446) |
(1.415) |
(0.891) |
(0.785) |
(0.133) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
1.412 |
1.353 |
-2.718*** |
0.215 |
-0.249* |
|
|
|
(2.414) |
(1.397) |
(0.880) |
(0.775) |
(0.131) |
|
|
constant |
0.004 |
0.018 |
-0.018 |
0.045*** |
0.010*** |
|
|
|
(0.043) |
(0.025) |
(0.016) |
(0.014) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vermont |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
1.020*** |
0.451 |
-0.189 |
-0.056 |
-0.043* |
|
|
|
(0.154) |
(0.297) |
(0.178) |
(0.191) |
(0.024) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.176 |
-0.036 |
0.070 |
0.168 |
0.072*** |
|
|
|
(0.158) |
(0.305) |
(0.183) |
(0.196) |
(0.024) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.015 |
0.651*** |
0.164* |
0.029 |
0.024** |
|
|
|
(0.077) |
(0.148) |
(0.089) |
(0.095) |
(0.012) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.188** |
0.114 |
-0.227*** |
-0.168* |
-0.030** |
|
|
|
(0.074) |
(0.143) |
(0.086) |
(0.092) |
(0.012) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.170 |
-0.291 |
0.591*** |
0.385** |
0.019 |
|
|
|
(0.137) |
(0.265) |
(0.159) |
(0.170) |
(0.021) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.215* |
-0.017 |
-0.272** |
-0.070 |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.116) |
(0.224) |
(0.134) |
(0.144) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.160 |
-0.713*** |
0.184 |
0.867*** |
0.043** |
|
|
|
(0.133) |
(0.257) |
(0.154) |
(0.165) |
(0.021) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.011 |
0.416 |
-0.308** |
-0.112 |
-0.072*** |
|
|
|
(0.135) |
(0.260) |
(0.156) |
(0.167) |
(0.021) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
1.147* |
2.321* |
-1.866** |
0.482 |
1.445*** |
|
|
|
(0.677) |
(1.306) |
(0.783) |
(0.838) |
(0.105) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-1.015 |
-1.965 |
1.493** |
0.253 |
-0.373*** |
|
|
|
(0.643) |
(1.241) |
(0.744) |
(0.796) |
(0.099) |
|
|
constant |
-0.012 |
0.060** |
-0.013 |
0.067*** |
0.012*** |
|
|
|
(0.014) |
(0.028) |
(0.017) |
(0.018) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Washington |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.219 |
0.055 |
0.032 |
-0.158** |
0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.175) |
(0.118) |
(0.068) |
(0.062) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.115 |
-0.180* |
0.084 |
-0.026 |
0.015 |
|
|
|
(0.160) |
(0.107) |
(0.062) |
(0.056) |
(0.016) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.042 |
0.799*** |
-0.029 |
-0.211** |
-0.036 |
|
|
|
(0.240) |
(0.161) |
(0.093) |
(0.085) |
(0.024) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.050 |
-0.028 |
0.078 |
0.062 |
0.035* |
|
|
|
(0.203) |
(0.137) |
(0.078) |
(0.072) |
(0.020) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.203 |
0.370 |
0.809*** |
0.316** |
0.156*** |
|
|
|
(0.373) |
(0.251) |
(0.144) |
(0.132) |
(0.037) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.521 |
0.189 |
-0.248 |
0.370** |
-0.019 |
|
|
|
(0.446) |
(0.300) |
(0.172) |
(0.157) |
(0.045) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.337 |
-0.759*** |
-0.140 |
0.771*** |
0.095** |
|
|
|
(0.424) |
(0.285) |
(0.164) |
(0.149) |
(0.043) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.374 |
0.643** |
-0.069 |
0.031 |
-0.006 |
|
|
|
(0.487) |
(0.328) |
(0.188) |
(0.172) |
(0.049) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.250 |
1.214 |
-0.083 |
-1.380*** |
1.371*** |
|
|
|
(1.275) |
(0.858) |
(0.493) |
(0.450) |
(0.128) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.133 |
-1.000 |
0.121 |
1.859*** |
-0.426*** |
|
|
|
(1.268) |
(0.853) |
(0.490) |
(0.447) |
(0.127) |
|
|
constant |
-0.075** |
0.045* |
0.014 |
0.084*** |
0.009** |
|
|
|
(0.036) |
(0.024) |
(0.014) |
(0.013) |
(0.004) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wisconsin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.661*** |
-0.030 |
-0.068 |
0.300*** |
0.015 |
|
|
|
(0.141) |
(0.198) |
(0.182) |
(0.116) |
(0.018) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.109 |
0.159 |
-0.100 |
-0.276*** |
-0.001 |
|
|
|
(0.129) |
(0.182) |
(0.168) |
(0.106) |
(0.017) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.107 |
0.672*** |
-0.034 |
0.015 |
-0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.131) |
(0.185) |
(0.170) |
(0.108) |
(0.017) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.360*** |
0.278 |
-0.155 |
0.055 |
0.002 |
|
|
|
(0.138) |
(0.193) |
(0.178) |
(0.113) |
(0.018) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.237* |
0.212 |
0.247 |
0.386*** |
0.012 |
|
|
|
(0.143) |
(0.201) |
(0.185) |
(0.118) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.361** |
-0.103 |
-0.158 |
-0.160 |
0.022 |
|
|
|
(0.168) |
(0.236) |
(0.218) |
(0.138) |
(0.022) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
0.137 |
0.190 |
-0.010 |
1.090*** |
0.013 |
|
|
|
(0.184) |
(0.258) |
(0.238) |
(0.151) |
(0.024) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.289 |
-0.112 |
-0.211 |
-0.246 |
0.018 |
|
|
|
(0.191) |
(0.268) |
(0.247) |
(0.157) |
(0.025) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
0.307 |
0.522 |
-0.403 |
0.826 |
1.395*** |
|
|
|
(0.958) |
(1.346) |
(1.242) |
(0.788) |
(0.126) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
-0.283 |
-0.693 |
0.090 |
-0.103 |
-0.464*** |
|
|
|
(0.981) |
(1.378) |
(1.272) |
(0.807) |
(0.129) |
|
|
constant |
-0.012 |
0.020 |
-0.016 |
0.034** |
0.006*** |
|
|
|
(0.018) |
(0.025) |
(0.023) |
(0.015) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Virginia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
One Lag Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.392*** |
-0.708 |
0.863 |
-0.529** |
-0.011 |
|
|
|
(0.152) |
(0.894) |
(0.545) |
(0.217) |
(0.052) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
-0.160 |
-2.314** |
0.423 |
-0.107 |
-0.008 |
|
|
|
(0.170) |
(0.998) |
(0.609) |
(0.242) |
(0.058) |
|
|
One Lag Log Energy
Intensity |
0.010 |
0.643*** |
0.069 |
-0.008 |
-0.025** |
|
|
|
(0.034) |
(0.200) |
(0.122) |
(0.049) |
(0.012) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
-0.053 |
0.073 |
-0.074 |
0.009 |
0.054*** |
|
|
|
(0.033) |
(0.194) |
(0.118) |
(0.047) |
(0.011) |
|
|
One Lag Log Structural
Change |
0.048 |
0.157 |
0.965*** |
0.010 |
-0.030 |
|
|
|
(0.055) |
(0.321) |
(0.196) |
(0.078) |
(0.019) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
-0.105* |
-0.056 |
-0.214 |
0.025 |
0.050*** |
|
|
|
(0.055) |
(0.324) |
(0.197) |
(0.079) |
(0.019) |
|
|
One Lag Log Affluence |
-0.111 |
-0.101 |
-0.596 |
0.795*** |
-0.004 |
|
|
|
(0.115) |
(0.674) |
(0.410) |
(0.163) |
(0.039) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
-0.006 |
-0.323 |
0.688* |
0.112 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
(0.105) |
(0.615) |
(0.375) |
(0.149) |
(0.036) |
|
|
One Lag Log Population |
-0.594*** |
-1.369 |
1.120 |
-0.587* |
1.683*** |
|
|
|
(0.226) |
(1.326) |
(0.808) |
(0.322) |
(0.078) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.529*** |
0.511 |
-0.724 |
0.198 |
-0.782*** |
|
|
|
(0.198) |
(1.165) |
(0.710) |
(0.282) |
(0.068) |
|
|
constant |
0.000 |
0.083** |
0.015 |
0.042*** |
-0.003 |
|
|
|
(0.007) |
(0.040) |
(0.025) |
(0.010) |
(0.002) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wyoming |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
b/se |
|
|
|
Log Carbon Intensity |
Log Energy Intensity |
Log Structural Change |
Log Affluence |
Log Population |
|
|
Two Lags Log Carbon
Intensity |
0.117 |
0.598 |
-1.109 |
0.386 |
0.220 |
|
|
|
(0.163) |
(1.089) |
(0.745) |
(0.450) |
(0.175) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Energy
Intensity |
0.169*** |
0.658*** |
0.156 |
-0.020 |
0.122*** |
|
|
|
(0.029) |
(0.191) |
(0.131) |
(0.079) |
(0.031) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Structural
Change |
0.161*** |
0.269 |
0.699*** |
-0.117 |
0.067** |
|
|
|
(0.026) |
(0.175) |
(0.120) |
(0.072) |
(0.028) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Affluence |
0.264*** |
-0.229 |
0.209 |
0.739*** |
0.362*** |
|
|
|
(0.044) |
(0.297) |
(0.203) |
(0.123) |
(0.048) |
|
|
Two Lags Log Population |
0.053 |
-1.495*** |
1.859*** |
-0.283 |
0.768*** |
|
|
|
(0.066) |
(0.442) |
(0.303) |
(0.183) |
(0.071) |
|
|
year |
-0.005*** |
0.016*** |
-0.022*** |
0.009*** |
-0.007*** |
|
|
|
(0.001) |
(0.006) |
(0.004) |
(0.003) |
(0.001) |
|
|
constant |
10.775*** |
-31.241*** |
43.175*** |
-18.108*** |
14.385*** |
|
|
|
(1.804) |
(12.080) |
(8.264) |
(4.988) |
(1.940) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* significant at .90
level |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
** significant at .95
level |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*** significant at .99
level |
|
|
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|